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Integrative Genomics Building (IGB) blue background with white text and science icons Scientists sample phytoplankton communities, utilising a ‘mummy chair.’ Shown here, they're sampling a brown mat of aggregated phytoplankton. (Katrin Schmidt) Fungus growing on petrie dishes Yeast strains engineered for the biochemical conversion of glucose to value-added products are limited in chemical output due to growth and viability constraints. Cell extracts provide an alternative format for chemical synthesis in the absence of cell growth by isolating the soluble components of lysed cells. By separating the production of enzymes (during growth) and the biochemical production process (in cell-free reactions), this framework enables biosynthesis of diverse chemical products at volumetric productivities greater than the source strains. (Blake Rasor) world map with red bubbles showing cities and interconnected lines The anaerobic fungus Anaeroromyces robustus growing on reed canary grass. (Vaithiyalingam Shutthanandan, PNNL/EMSL) LBNL logo This scanning electron microscope image shows SARS-CoV-2 emerging from the surface of cells (blue/pink) cultured in the lab. (Credit: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases-Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIH) Tanja Woyke screencap of PNAS polycistronic algae video

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